SpringBoot项目中同时操作多个数据库_智慧包_springboot 多数据库

网络 02-07 2078

在实际项目开发中可能存在需要同时操作两个数据库的场景，比如从A库读取数据，进行操作后往B库中写入数据，此时就需要进行多数据库配置。本文以操作本地和线上的MySQL数据库为例：

1、导入相关pom文件 <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> 二、application.yml配置文件编写

单数据源的配置如下：

spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/meal_order?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

多数据源的配置如下：

spring: datasource: dev: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://xxx.xx.xx.xx:3306/meal_order?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource local: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db2021?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

经过对比可以发现： 1、多数据源的配置中需要指定具体的名称来区分不同的数据库（上述配置中的dev和local，名称可以根据具体需求自定义） 2、需要使用jdbcUrl代替url

三、数据库连接配置文件

dev数据源配置文件：

@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.multiple.mapper.dev",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "devSqlSessionFactory") public class DevDataSourceConfig { @Primary @Bean(name = "devDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.dev") public DataSource masterDataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean(name = "devSqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("devDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:mapping/dev/*.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } }

local数据源配置文件：

@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.multiple.mapper.local",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "localSqlSessionFactory") public class LocalDataSourceConfig { @Primary @Bean(name = "localDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.local") public DataSource masterDataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean(name = "localSqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("localDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:mapping/local/*.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } }

不同配置文件通过@MapperScan注解的内容来区分不同数据库下的mapper文件，通过@ConfigurationProperties注解来加载指定的数据源

以DevDataSourceConfig为例

四、主启动类注解修改 @SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})

目录结构如下：

五、测试

从dev库中查询数据，取出字段插入local库中：

public interface DevMapper { @Select("select * from test") List<Test> getAllTest(); } public interface LocalMapper { @Insert("insert into payment(serial) values (#{name})") int insertMessage(String name); } @SpringBootTest class MultipleDatabaseApplicationTests { @Autowired private DevMapper devMapper; @Autowired private LocalMapper localMapper; @Test void contextLoads() { List<com.multiple.pojo.Test> testList = devMapper.getAllTest(); for(com.multiple.pojo.Test test : testList){ localMapper.insertMessage(test.getAa()); } } }

运行测试代码，从dev库中查出的数据可以成功添加至local库该方法也适用需要使用多种不同的数据库的场景，比如MySQL和Oracle，修改数据源配置文件即可